He aha ka Adenosine?

ʻO ka Adenosine kahi nucleoside e kū maoli ana i loko o nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino. ʻO ke kemika he 6-amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9-H-purine.

Hoʻolālā a me nā pae koko

Hana ʻia ʻo Adenosine me ka adenine i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mole kōpaʻa ribosa (ribofuranose). ʻO ka mea paʻa e hoʻopili ai i ka adenine a me ke kō ribosa i kapa ʻia he paʻa β-N9-glycosidic.

ʻO ka pae maʻamau adenosine plasma ma waena o 0.04 a me 0.2 micromoles.

ʻO ka hana physiological a me ka pharmacological o Adenosine

I loko o ke kino, kōkua ka adenosine i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu cellular ma o ka hana ʻana i nā molekole e like me adenosine triphosphate (ATP) a me adenosine diphosphate (ADP).

He kuleana nō hoʻi ʻo Adenosine i ka hōʻailona ʻana i nā ala like ʻole a me nā hana i loko o ke kino ma ka hana ʻana i nā molekole hōʻailona e like me cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).

Adenosine i loko o ka lolo

I loko o ka lolo adenosine he neurotransmitter inhibitory. ʻO kēia keʻano, hiki i ka adenosine ke hana ma keʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa pūnaewele. Ma nā kūlana maʻamau, hoʻoikaika ia i ka hiamoe a hoʻopau i ka hoʻoulu. Ke ala aʻe nā pae o ka adenosine i loko o ka lolo e piʻi i kēlā me kēia hola.

Adenosine i loko o ka puʻuwai

ʻO ka adenosine i loko o ka puʻuwai ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko coronary e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kahe koko i ka puʻuwai. Hoʻonui pū ʻo Adenosine i ke anawaena o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o nā ʻāpana peripheral.

I loko o ka puʻuwai adenosine e hoʻemi ana i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a i loko o ke koko he hana anti-platelet. ʻO ka hana antiplatelet e pale i ka platelet aggregation a me ka coagulation.

Adenosine i loko o ke koko

I loko o ke koko, ua wāwahi ʻia ka adenosine e adenosine deaminase. Aia kēia enzyme i loko o nā ʻulaʻula a me ka paia o ka moku. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Dipyridamole he mea pale o ka enzyme adenosine deaminase a pēlā e hoʻonui ai i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka adenosine i loko o ke koko. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hoʻomāhuahua ʻana o ka moku koko a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe koko ma o nā kīʻaha koko coronary e hoʻolako i nā ʻiʻo o ka naʻau.

Adenosine i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, akemāmā a me ka ate

I loko o nā puʻupaʻa, hoʻemi ka adenosine i ke kahe o ke koko a hoʻemi i ka hana ʻana o ka rennin mai nā puʻupaʻa.

I loko o ke akemāmā ke kumu ia i ka constriction o nā ala ea a i loko o ke ake e alakaʻi ai i ka constriction o nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻonui i ka haki ʻana o ka glycogen e hana i ka glucose.

ʻO ka Adenosine kahi pūhui kūlohelohe e pāʻani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i nā kaʻina hana physiological i loko o ke kino kanaka. He nucleoside ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua haku ʻia ia me kahi mole adenine i hoʻopili ʻia me kahi mole ribose. Aia ka Adenosine i loko o nā pūnaewele a pau a komo i ka hoʻoili ikehu ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ke kālā ikehu mua o ke kelepona. Ma waho aʻe o kāna kuleana i ka metabolism ikehu, hana pū ka adenosine ma ke ʻano he molekele hōʻailona, ​​e hana ana ma o nā mea loaʻa i loko o ke kino.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau adenosine ʻo kāna ʻano hana. Hana ʻo Adenosine ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea loaʻa adenosine kikoʻī, nona nā ʻano ʻehā: A1, A2A, A2B, a me A3. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia isoform me nā hana physiological like ʻole a me nā ala hōʻailona. Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka adenosine i kāna mau mea loaʻa, hoʻoponopono ia i nā ʻano hana cellular, me ka neurotransmission, ka leo vascular, a me ka hana immune. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā mea loaʻa A1 ke alakaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka neurotransmitter, aʻo ka hoʻāla ʻana o nā mea loaʻa A2A hiki ke alakaʻi i ka vasodilation a me nā hopena anti-inflammatory.

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o adenosine e alakaʻi i nā noi lapaʻau i nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻohana lapaʻau kaulana loa o ka adenosine ʻo kāna kuleana i ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau arrhythmias cardiac. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Adenosine ma ke ʻano he antiarrhythmic agent ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka conduction ma o ka atrioventricular node, a laila e hoʻopau i ke ala hou a hoʻihoʻi i ke kani sinus maʻamau. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka adenosine ma ke ʻano he lāʻau koʻikoʻi pharmacological i nā haʻawina kiʻi cardiac e loiloi i ka perfusion myocardial.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo ka adenosine kahi mole multifaceted me nā hoʻohana lapaʻau lehulehu ma muli o kāna mau waiwai pharmacological a me ka hana o ka hana. ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kaʻina cellular ma o ka launa pū ʻana o nā mea hoʻokipa kūikawā e lilo ia i mea waiwai nui i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano olakino like ʻole, mai ka arrhythmias cardiac i nā maʻi hanu a me nā noi neuroprotective. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka adenosine, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou no kēia mole hoʻohiwahiwa, e hoʻonui hou ana i kona hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E ʻoluʻolu e kelepona iā Alisa no nā kikoʻī hou aku ma okūʻai02@imaherb.com